英语语言性别歧视现象研究
毕业论文
Sexism Phenomenon in English Language
Abstract
As a kind of social phenomenon, language reflects all the sides of human society naturally. Sexism is a kind of discrimination by one sex against the other, especially by males against females. As reflected in language, this biased condition of sexes concerns the portrayal of men as the norm and women as the appendage or as the exception, which is often called linguistic sexism or androcentrism──one of the main concerns for sociolinguistics and a major subject of feminist linguists in the late 1970s and early 1980s.
This thesis first elaborates sexism from different angles, such as from morphology, syntax and semantics, English expressions, English proverbs and slang. This thesis not only focuses on the origins of sexism, but also finally proposes some ways to avoid sexist languages, such as employment of neutral language, avoiding using the traditional form of address and other ways to avoid generic masculine. English language has for a long time featured a considerable amount of sexism, a manifestation that has deep roots—social, historical and cultural. To get rid of it depends basically on the eradication of sexist concepts among the general public and further improvement of women’s social status, rather than on the linguistic means. After all, social reform is the basis for the realization of linguistic revolutions.
Key Words: sexism; English; method; masculine; neutral word
摘 要
语言是表达观念的符号系统，必然会反映出人类社会的各种社会观念。性别歧视作为1种社会现象，不仅反映在社会生活中，也反映在语言和语言的使用中，由此形成了语言性别歧视。它是社会语言学这1新兴边缘学科研究的重心之1，也是210世纪7、810年代以来中西方女权主义语言学家研究的1个重要课题。
本文从词法，句法，语义，英语谚俗语等几个方面探讨了英语语言中的性别歧视。本文在探讨了英语歧视现象的起源的同时，也指出可通过使用中性词，避免使用传统的话语，避免使用阳性词等方式避免语言中的歧视。长期以来，英汉语言中存在着大量性别歧视现象，其后有着深厚的社会历史文化根源。要消除语言中性别歧视现象，不能由语言手段代劳，关键要根除社会上存在的`性别歧视观念，进1步提高妇女的社会地位。毕竟语言的变革只能在社会变革的基础上才能实现。
关键词：性别歧视、方法、阳性词、词汇、中性词
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