新生儿败血症血培养分离菌及耐药性分析

时间:2020-10-07 15:40:50 医学毕业论文 我要投稿

新生儿败血症血培养分离菌及耐药性分析

新生儿败血症血培养分离菌及耐药性分析

作者:唐任光,杨显先,龙显科

【关键词】 新生儿败血症;病原菌;耐药性

  [摘要] 目的:了解我院近期新生儿败血症病原菌及耐药性,为临床用药提供依据。方法:对我院2001年1月至2006年1月新生儿血培养阳性标本细菌鉴定及药敏结果进行分析总结。结果:251例阳性标本中表皮葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌分别占31.5%和16.7%,对多种抗生素耐药,苯唑西林的耐药率分别为87.5%、62.6%,对万古霉素100%敏感;革兰阴性菌中大肠埃希菌占首位,其次为肺炎克雷伯杆菌、肠杆菌属、普通变形杆菌;抗菌活性较好的药物是阿米卡星、环丙沙星、氧氟沙星。结论:葡萄球菌是新生儿败血症的`主要病原菌;临床医师应根据细菌鉴定及药敏试验选择敏感药物治疗。

  [关键词] 新生儿败血症;病原菌;耐药性

  Pathogens and Antibiotic Resistance of Lsolates from Newborn Septicemia Biood Cultures

  Abstract: Objective To understand the distribution of pathogens causing newborn septicemia and their antibiotic resistance .Methods The positive in blood culture of newborn in our hospital between January,2001 and January,2006 were analyzed.Results Among 251 positive in blood culture,positiveratio of Staphylococcus epidermidis and S.aureus were 31.5% and 16.7%,respectively.Furthermore,they were multiresistant.The ratio of meticillinresistant S.epidermidis and S.aureus were 87.5%and 62.6%,respectively,but all were sensitive to vancomycin.Among gramnegative bacteria,Escherichia coli was in the first place,the second one was klebsiella pneumonniae,the other were Enterobacter,proteus vulgaris .The better antibiotics for them were amikacin,ciprofloxacin,and ofloxacin.Conclusion Staphylococcus spp is one of the main pathogens causing newborn septicemia, The identification of bacteria and drug sensitive test were helpful to clinical therapy.

  Key words: Newborn septicemia; Pathogen; Antibiotic resistance

  新生儿败血症是新生儿期严重的细菌感染性疾病,其治疗成功的关键在于尽早明确病原菌及选用合适的抗生素。本研究通过对我院251份新生儿败血症血标本进行微生物培养和细菌耐药性分析,经统计报告如下。

  1 材料与方法

  1.1 标本来源 251份标本均来自我院儿科2001年1月至2006年1月资料,符合《新生儿败血症诊断标准修订方案》[1]。

  1.2 细菌培养 251例患者均在应用抗生素之前常规无菌抽取新生儿静脉血注入血培养瓶,血液与增菌液比例为1∶10,增菌液采用自制的硫乙醇酸盐增菌肉汤30 ml。

  1.3 细菌鉴定和药敏实验 应用上海复星公司全自动微生物分析仪FORTUNE.IMS及配套试剂进行细菌鉴别和药敏试验。

  2 结果

  病原菌的分布特征及构成比,新生儿败血症病原菌以革兰阳性菌为主,其中表皮葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌分别占31.5%和16.7%。革兰阴性菌中大肠埃希菌占7.2%,肺炎克雷伯杆菌占6.4%,肠杆菌属5.6%,普通变形杆菌5.2%。另外真菌检出率占4.8%。见表1。 

  表1 251株病原菌的菌种分布(略)

  新生儿败血症病原菌的耐药性,革兰阳性菌表皮葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素、氨苄西林、红霉素、复方新诺明高度耐药,而万古霉素、环丙沙星、氧氟沙星对革兰阳性球菌仍保持较强的抗菌活性,见表2。

  表2 分离的主要革兰阳性菌对临床常用抗生素的耐药率(略)