软件产业的现状分析及发展策略研究
20世纪80年代以来，信息技术产业已经成为发达国家乃至全球经济的战略性基础产业，成为各国综合国力竞争的重要标志。软件产业作为信息技术的核心和灵魂，在新经济中扮演着核心产业的角色，成为世界各国争夺科技制高点的关键领域，直接关系国家政治、经济和社会的安全。发展软件产业对优化我国产业结构、提高经济运行质量具有极其重要的作用。2000年，国务院出台第18号文《鼓励软件产业和集成电路产业发展若干政策》和47号文《振兴软件产业行动纲要》中，明确提出要优先发展软件产业，“力争到2010年我国软件产业研究开发和生产能力达到或接近国际先进水平”。这些政策的出台，极大地调动了各方面的积极性，我国的软件产业因此步入了发展的快车道。
作为长江三角洲地区的重要城市，上海有着得天独厚的地理位置和发达的经济条件，以浦东软件园为核心的上海的软件产业近年来有很大的发展，形成了一定规模的产业集群。截至2005年上半年，上海软件企业总数已达1400多家，涌现一批本土各具特色的软件企业。上海市2006年软件业收入616亿元，居全国首位，从2001年开始连续5年保持50%以上的增长率，这在全国范围内是独一无二的。
本文以产业集群理论为基础，利用了实证分析、理论分析、对比分析等方法，结合大量的数据、图表，对上海软件产业现状、存在问题及发展策略进行了研究。本论文界定了软件产业内涵，阐述了软件产业不同于传统产业的特征、演进阶段。并将上海与北京的软件产业进行多方位的比较，对上海市软件产业当前发展中存在的制约因素进行透视和分析，提出了优化软件产业基地建设，推动区域软件产业集群发展、抓好出口和国内软件市场，做大上海的软件产业群、建立和拓展创新的人才培养体系、积极促进软件质量管理标准化、国际化等发展策略。
ABSTRACT
Since the 1980's, information industry has become strategically fundamental in developed countries as well as in the global economy. It isnow an important symbol of the comprehensive national strength. As thekey and soul part of information technology, software industry takes anessential role in the new economy. It turns out to be the key of scientific and technology contests among different countries is tightly connected with national safety concerning politics, economy and society. In China, the development of software industry has an important impact on the optimization of industry configuration and improvement of economy operation of China. It is indicated in 2000 by Document #18 (Several Policies Encouraging Software Industry and IC Industry) and Document #47 (Compendium of Promoting Software Industry) of State Department that the software industry should had a high priority for development, and that "great efforts will be taken to make the R&D and productivity of our software industry reach or be close to the top level of the world." Those policies as a great encouragement thus lead to the
speed-up of the software industry in China.
As an important metropolitan in the Yangtze Delta, Shanghai is advantageous in its geographic location and economic conditions. The software industry in Shanghai, with PuDong Software Park as its kernel,has made great progress in the recent years, and industry clusters form into being. In July 2005, there were more than 1400 software ventures in Shanghai, some of which were local ventures and had their particular characteristics. In 2006, the revenue of software industry in Shanghai reached 61.6 billion RMB and gained the top position in China, and maintained a stea increasing rate over 50% from 2001 to 2006, which was unique in China.
This paper presents the status quo of software industry in Shanghai and the research work is based on the Industry Cluster theory. Different methods including demonstrational analysis, theoretical analysis and antitheses analysis are performed and lots of data and charts are used. In the paper, the essence of software industry is extracted and studied. The features and evolution of software industry which are quite different from those of traditional industries are presented. A comparison of the software industry in Shanghai and that in Beijing is made. The cause and current status of software industry cluster in Shanghai are analyzed, and the factors and key problems blocking the development are pointed out and studied intensively.
目录
第一章绪论.................................................................. 1
第一节课题背景和意义..................................................3
一、研究背景...........................................................3
二、研究意义...........................................................4
第二节国内外软件产业的研究现状.............................................. 4
一、国外有关软件产业的研究现状.........................................4
二、国内有关软件产业的研究现状.........................................5
第三节论文主要内容及研究方法................................................ 8
第二章相关理论评述.......................................................... 9
第一节产业集群化现象及理论................................................. 10
一、产业集群现象......................................................10
二、产业集群理论......................................................11
第二节产业集群发展中的公共政策选择......................................... 13
第三节产业集群化的演进阶段................................................. 15
一、企业由分散的空问布局走向集中......................................15
二、集聚的企业在产业的层面上形成了分工和分包..........................15
第四节软件产业的界定与特性分析............................................. 16
一、软件产业的界定....................................................16
二、软件产业的特征....................................................17
第三章上海市软件产业现状................................................... 19
第一节我国软件产业发展的总体情况........................................... 19
一、我国软件产业的'发展阶段............................................19
二、我国软件产业发展的现状......................... ...................20
第二节上海市软件产业总体情况............................................... 21
一、上海软件产业发展的环境分析........................................21
二、上海软件产业现状..................................................26
第四章上海软件产业存在的主要问题........................................... 33
第一节上海日益高昂的商务成本、人民币升值的影响............................. 33
第二节上海软件产业的规模困境............................................... 35
第三节上海的软件产业处于全球产业链低端，价值创造有限 ....................... 36
第五章上海软件产业发展策略研究............................................. 38
第一节优化软件产业基地建设，推动区域软件产业集群发展....................... 38
第二节抓好出口和国内软件市场，做大上海的软件产业群......................... 39
第三节建立和拓展创新的人才培养体系......................................... 41
第四节积极促进软件质量管理标准化、国际化................................... 42
第五节构建和谐的法律环境，保护软件产业的知识产权........................... 43
参考文献...........................................................44
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