供应链仿真建模技术在物流领域中的应用
【中文摘要】 物流系统作为一个多因素、多目标的复杂系统,从整体上对其进行优化是提高物流领域企业效益、降低成本的必然途径。供应链理论正是从全局的角度对企业的资源进行整合、实施规划、促进物流各个环节之间协作和资源的合理分配。目前对供应链的研究大多单纯使用定性或定量分析的方法,但此类方法仅限于基本业务流程的简单组合,很难实现对复杂业务流程的分析。本文在对供应链仿真理论深入研究的基础之上,为复杂供应链系统建立了层次结构模型,采用企业实际数据对模型加以验证并提出优化方案,为参与企业提供辅助的`决策支持。首先,为了能够对复杂供应链系统进行全面而有效的分析,本文采取了层次化分析的方法,根据SCOR标准由整体到局部的对整个供应链流程进行详细分析和规划,建立供应链层次模型并提出了供应链系统绩效通用的评价指标体系。其次,本文依托EMERSON海外物流公司的供应链系统项目,使用Arena建模工具建立供应链仿真系统。这一部分,本文对实际供应链系统进行详细的业务流程分析并根据现实情况对层次化供应链模型进行适当调整。然后基于概率论的思想,使用Arena输入分析器对输入数据进行处理。运行该系统并将结果与物流企业的真实运作数据进行对比,对模型进行反复修正,确保模型真实、准确地反映出企业实际的运作流程。最后,对运行结果进行分析、总结并提出优化方案。一方面,从定性的角度为企业发展提出改善措施;另一方面,通过定义该企业资源配置决策模型,利用Optquest工具的内置遗传算法对企业资源配置进行定量研究,透析造成瓶颈的根本原因并提出优化的解决方案。使用仿真模型对上述优化方案进行验证,最终通过定性、定量分析和计算机仿真相结合的方法选择出最优的方案来辅助决策。本文通过使用仿真建模技术,提出了对复杂供应链系统进行分析和优化的一般思路。据此进行建模,案例分析,进而提供优化方案。最终,这些被验证为高效的解决方案将对物流领域企业高层决策具有重要的实际意义。
【英文摘要】 As a complex system with multiple controlled constrains and objectives,logistics system should be optimized from an integrated view in order to improve the performance and lower the cost of the enterprise.The supply chain management theory could help coordinate the resource dispatching between nodes of the chain.However, currently most of the supply chain issues are handled by qualitative or quantitative analysis,limiting the study within the scope of simple business cooperation.That is the reason why there is little academic achievement concerning complex supply chain issue. Based on comprehensive study of the supply chain management and simulation theory, we create a hierarchical supply chain system.After carefully validation,it could be used to provide associative decision support to the enterprise of logistics.Firstly,we did a hierarchical analysis of the supply chain system.In order to simplify the complex system,we made a considerate analysis from the highest layers to the lowest according to the SCOR principle.Simultaneously,we create the evaluation criteria for the supply chain system.Next,use Arena simulation tool to create the model system.We were able to get real data from the Emerson Overseas Logistics System.Based on the theory of Probability Theory,we analyze these statistics and input them by using the Arena input analyzer.After finishing the simulation execution,we would then compare the results with the real data to repeatedly verify the supply chain system's accuracy.Finally,results analysis.We come up with improvement solutions by quantity analysis,by quantitative analysis using the Optquest optimizing tool,digging in the real cause of the inefficiency of the supply chain system.After applying these solutions on supply chain system using Arena,we can verify these solutions' potential success.Using the supply chain simulation model,we present a new method of dealing with complex supply chain system with which we build the hierarchical model,apply it to real cases and raise optimizing solutions accordingly.Thus,such proved efficient solutions would definitely make sense and contribute to assisting the decision maker.
【中文关键词】 物流; 供应链系统; Arena; 辅助决策
【英文关键词】 Logistics; Supply chain; Arena; Associative decision support
【论文目录】
摘要 5-6
Abstract 6
第1章 绪论 10-15
1.1 问题的提出及研究背景 10-11
1.2 供应链仿真模拟方法国内外的研究现状 11-13
1.2.1 国内供应链仿真研究现状 11-12
1.2.2 国外供应链仿真研究现状 12-13
1.3 未来的发展趋势 13
1.4 本文研究的目的及意义 13-14
1.5 论文内容安排 14-15
第2章 仿真理论与方法 15-27
2.1 仿真建模的基本理论 15-18
2.1.1 系统仿真的类型 15
2.1.2 离散事件仿真建模的方法 15-18
2.2 离散事件仿真建模基本流程 18-20
2.3 Arena基本知识介绍 20-23
2.3.1 Arena仿真中的一些基本概念 20-22